Start reading at the specified log segment file. This implicitly determines the path in which files will be searched for, and the timeline to use.

Stop after reading the specified log segment file.

Output detailed information about backup blocks.

Only display records that modify the given block. The relation must also be provided with --relation or -R.

Stop reading at the specified WAL location, instead of reading to the end of the log stream.

After reaching the end of valid WAL, keep polling once per second for new WAL to appear.

If provided, only display records that modify blocks in the given fork. The valid values are main for the main fork, fsm for the free space map, vm for the visibility map, and init for the init fork.

If the cluster is encrypted, run this command to retrieve the encryption key. See Chapter 33 for details.

Display the specified number of records, then stop.

Specifies a directory to search for log segment files or a directory with a pg_wal subdirectory that contains such files. The default is to search in the current directory, the pg_wal subdirectory of the current directory, and the pg_wal subdirectory of PGDATA.

Do not print any output, except for errors. This option can be useful when you want to know whether a range of WAL records can be successfully parsed but don't care about the record contents.

Only display records generated by the specified resource manager. You can specify the option multiple times to select multiple resource managers. If list is passed as name, print a list of valid resource manager names, and exit.

Extensions may define custom resource managers, but pg_waldump does not load the extension module and therefore does not recognize custom resource managers by name. Instead, you can specify the custom resource managers as custom### where "###" is the three-digit resource manager ID. Names of this form will always be considered valid.

Only display records that modify blocks in the given relation. The relation is specified with tablespace OID, database OID, and relfilenode separated by slashes, for example 1234/12345/12345. This is the same format used for relations in the program's output.

WAL location at which to start reading. The default is to start reading the first valid log record found in the earliest file found.

Timeline from which to read log records. The default is to use the value in startseg, if that is specified; otherwise, the default is 1.

Print the pg_waldump version and exit.

Only display records that include full page images.

Only display records marked with the given transaction ID.

Display summary statistics (number and size of records and full-page images) instead of individual records. Optionally generate statistics per-record instead of per-rmgr.

If pg_waldump is terminated by signal SIGINT (Control+C), the summary of the statistics computed is displayed up to the termination point. This operation is not supported on Windows.

Show help about pg_waldump command line arguments, and exit.

Data directory; see also the -p option.

Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never.